Neuroaxonal Dystrophy (NAD) - Miniature American Shepherd

Neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance. It is characterised by the presence of large, swollen axons and tissue changes indicative of neuronal degeneration and secondary gliosis throughout the central nervous system. The symptoms of the affected Miniature American Shepherd dogs occur in young adults and include an abnormal, pacing/ambling gait, characterised by pelvic limb weakness and ataxia. Other symptoms encompass incoordination, scuffing of paws/dragging of digits, kyphosis, abnormal behaviour with excessive anxiety and paraparesis with hindlimb ataxia. Although not fatal, the affected dogs eventually develop more severe disabilities, leading to poor quality of life and lastly euthanasia due to the lack of treatment.

Inheritance: autosomal recessive

Mutation: RNF170 gene

Genetic test: The method used for genetic testing is extremely accurate and allows complete differentiation between affected animals, carriers and healthy dogs. DNA testing can be done at any age.