Mycobacterium Avium Complex Sensitivity (MAC)

MAC is an immunodeficiency disorder causing increased susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections in Miniature Schnauzers. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a group of mycobacteria that contains potentially pathogenic organisms. These organisms are commonly present in the environment and have a wide range of animal reservoirs including wild and domestic mammals as well as birds. However, mammals are mostly resistant to MAC infections.

Genetic defect in the immune system genes increases susceptibility to MAC infections. MAC infection in Miniature Schnauzers is a progressive serious illness that affects the quality of life. Infected dogs usually die or are euthanized within 1 year of diagnosis.

Most common clinical signs of MAC infections are lymphadenopathy followed by anorexia, lethargy, diarrhea, fever, hematochezia, hepatosplenomegaly, abdominal masses, lameness, and syncope.

Inheritance: autosomal recessive

Mutation: CARD9 gene

Genetic test: The method used for genetic testing is extremely accurate and allows complete differentiation between affected animals, carriers and healthy dogs. DNA testing can be done at any age.