Laryngeal Paralysis with Polyneuropathy Type 3 (LPPN3)

Laryngeal paralysis associated with a generalized polyneuropathy (LPPN) is an inherited disease affecting several dog breeds, including Leonbergers, Saint Bernards and Labrardor retrievers. Laryngeal paralysis results in the loss of function of the laryngeal nerves and muscles controlling the opening of the laryngeal cartilages during breathing and closing during swallowing food. Affected dogs have difficulty breathing accompanied by a high-pitched sound (stridor), they have a low tolerance to exercise and high temperatures, difficulty swallowing as well as higher risk of aspiration pneumonia. Other clinical symptoms include changes in barking, uncoordinated gait with high stepping, frequent stumbling and muscle atrophy in the limbs. The clinical signs in Leonbergers become evident at around 3 years of age. For Saint Bernards, the average age of onset is 2 years. For Labrardor retrievers, the average age of onset is around 7 to 8 years of age.

Inheritance: autosomal recessive

Mutation: CNTNAP1 gene

Genetic test: The method used for genetic testing is extremely accurate and allows complete differentiation between affected animals, carriers and healthy dogs. DNA testing can be done at any age.